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Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia presents in young infants (two weeks to around five months) typically with tachypnea, staccato cough and no fever.

Posterior nasalpharyngeal specimen can be used for diagnosis with a direct fluorescent assay or nucleic acid amplification. Treatment for C trachomatis is with systemic Azithromycin or Erythromycin. Patients less than six-weeks of age should be monitored for development of pyloric stenosis. The mother and her sexual partners should also be treated.

References:

American Academy of Pediatrics. Chlamydia Trachomatis. In: Kimberlin DW, Brady MT, Jackson MA, Long SS, eds. Red Book: 2018 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2018;